Second Order Butterworth Active Low Filter IIIT Ranchi

The ButterWorth Filter is a type of signal processing filter designed to have a frequency response that is as flat as possible in the passband. It is referred to as a maximally flat filter. This butterworth technique, can be used to design all types of filters,i.e. high pass, low pass and band pass etc. To design a low pass filter design using butterworth filter technique, we need to take three factors into consideration : 1. Response of the passband must be of maximum flatness 2.There must be a slow transformation from passband to stop band 3.The ability of filter to pass signals without any distortions,within the pass band. The cutoff frequency (fH) is expressed as : fh = 1/2pi under root (R2R3 C2C3) Transfer function = Af/under root(1 + f/fH power 4) where Af = gain of filter in Passband f = input frequency in Hz fH = high cut off frequency in Hz Further, Af = 1+ Rf/R1